does blood type affect covid vaccine side effects

Complement has emerged as a likely driver of the immune response and end-organ damage in COVID-19. The side effects of the three COVID-19 vaccines approved by the FDA for temporary use (Pfizer, Moderna and . The posts claim that the FDA warns that death is a side effect of the COVID-19 vaccines. It could be that antigens for people with type O blood block the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2, and keeps it from entering into your cells, said Dr. Russo. If you wish to read unlimited content, please log in or register below. As a result the UKs Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) has recommended that adults under the age of 30 should be offered alternative Covid vaccines if available provided they were healthy and at low risk of Covid. Is Paxlovid Still Effective Against New COVID Variants? Muscle aches. The researchers did find evidence suggesting a relationship between blood type and COVID-19 risk. Four of 6 patients reported fever. 1 vaccines. An infection with a lower viral load makes a positive difference in clinical infection in all people. When side effects occur, they typically last just a few days. Now, a "Covid arm" is different from a skin reaction that . "We all recognize that we're not the same, but we have not been able, on a genetic basis, very often, to determine whether certain people with certain genes are more or less susceptible to get an infection if they're exposed to a germ," said William Schaffner, MD, an infectious disease specialist, and professor at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. Those receiving a bivalent booster and notice side effects within a week of injection are recommended to do the following by CDC officials: Dr. Brown believes that this will not be the last time a new booster vaccine is offered to the American public in fact, experts are projecting that annual vaccines against the spread of COVID-19 may become commonplace soon. These include: chills fatigue fever. Not necessarily. There's no known connection between blood types and side effects from COVID-19 vaccines. Why Trust Us? Instead, it seems that a specific variant in the ABO gene is associated with lower risk. Sherrill Brown, M.D., medical director of infection prevention for AltaMed Health Services, indicates that current side effect notices published by the FDA sourced data from both Pfizer and Moderna's separate clinical trials for the earlier BA. Fatigue. The second study (also from October 2020) from researchers in Canada looked at data from 95 patients who were severely ill with COVID-19. Cambridge, MA 02142, MIT Lincoln Laboratory The O- blood group had a 2.1% chance of getting SARS-CoV-2 infection (95% CI, 1.8-2.3%), the lowest unadjusted probability of all blood groups. In addition, the risk of needing intubation was decreased among A and increased among AB and B types, compared with type O. We hope youre enjoying the latest clinical news, full-length features, case studies, and more. But weve known for a while that the coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 gets into cells by attaching to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 receptors and that the disease can affect blood clotting, causing cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary problems. The Food and Drug Administration sees a possible risk of Guillain-Barre syndrome with Pfizer 's RSV vaccine for older adults and has asked the company to conduct a safety study if the shot is . On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group . When compared with the first dose, adverse reactions reported after the second dose were milder and reported less frequently, the MHRA noted. Blood types are split up into four major groups, all dependent on the presence or absence of two specific antigens on the surface of the blood: A and B, according to the American Red Cross. It's also helpful to know your blood typespecifically the Rh factorduring pregnancy, so your doctor can troubleshoot if the unborn baby has a different Rh factor. Shruti Gohil, M.D. For blood types O and B, the average stay was nine days. The severity of the COVID-19 disease Recent data suggests that people with blood type A have a significantly higher risk of acquiring COVID-19 than non-A blood types. Blood type has been identified as a risk factor in many diseases, from cancer to venous and arterial thromboembolism. This "Covid arm" rash can be red, itchy, swollen, or painful. Secondary outcome results indicated that type O blood group had an aRR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.97) for severe COVID-19 illness and death versus all other blood groups and Rh- status had an aRR of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.68-0.96) compared to . In a study published back in March 2020, researchers in China found that blood group A was associated with a higher risk for acquiring COVID-19 compared with non-A blood groups, whereas blood group O was associated with a lower risk for the infection compared with non-O blood groups.2 This may be what prompted a slew of similar studies in other countries as COVID-19 spread. This news story has not been updated since the date shown. Omicron vs. Delta: How the 2 COVID-19 Variants Compare, ShinglesHerpes ZosterInfection May Be Linked to the COVID-19 Vaccine. The other common side-effects the muscle aches, flu-like illness and fatigue are probably due to generalised activation of the immune system caused by the vaccine. 2. The mean age was 53.8 years and 29% were men. This study reported descriptive epidemiology for many potential AESIs for safety follow-up of COVID-19 vaccines from a random Swedish population. Common (not rare) side effects of COVID-19 vaccine. Blood clots in the arteries leading to the brain can cause a stroke. You shouldnt panic if you have Type A blood, and you shouldnt feel complacent if youre Type O. Neither Donna Gates nor Body Ecology, Inc., nor the publisher of this content takes responsibility for possible health consequences of any person or persons reading or following the information in this educational content. Side effects after getting a #COVID19 vaccine are normal signs your body is building protection. In the days following COVID-19 vaccination, your immune system responds to the vaccine. "Most side effects are mild or moderate and . Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. But if you understand how vaccines work, you'll know that experiencing a side effect isn't a sign that something's gone wrong. This difference in risk of testing positive for COVID-19 seemed to hold even when researchers took into account age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, and co-morbidities (i.e., pre-existing conditions like heart disease and diabetes). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, you didn't experience any side effects at all, better bolster your body's immune response, other better-for-you fluids to stay hydrated, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Take over-the-counter medication like ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin, and antihistamines as needed, Apply a cold compress or a wet washcloth over the injection site if experiencing redness or swelling, Exercise your arm after injection to mitigate discomfort. Characteristics of patients with PNH and COVID-19 vaccine reactions. What Are Side Effects of the COVID-19 Vaccines? Your comment will be reviewed and published at the journal's discretion. Gloria F. Gerber, Xuan Yuan, Jia Yu, Benjamin A. Y. Cher, Evan M. Braunstein, Shruti Chaturvedi, Robert A. Brodsky; COVID-19 vaccines induce severe hemolysis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. It's been called COVID. The other half is the adaptive response which learns and then remembers how to fight an infection by designing B . Side effects may even feel like flu and might affect your ability to do daily. Investigators conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study of 225,556 patients who had their ABO blood group assessed between January 2007 and December 2019, and subsequently tested for SARS-CoV-2 between January 15 and June 30, 2020. The Covid-19 vaccine side effects that specifically affect women . Both of these studies were posted to the MedRxiv website, where researchers share preliminary, unpublished data, before it has undergone peer review. Getty/David Greedy Common side effects include fatigue and headache Once a vaccine goes into your arm, your blood flow increases and immune cells rush to the scene. In addition, COVID-19 vaccination might offer better protection than getting sick with COVID-19.A recent study showed that unvaccinated people who already . Visit the MHRA Yellow Card report for the latest data on the reported side effects of Covid-19 vaccines. While this doesnt mean a free pass for anyone with a less susceptible blood type, it might help begin to solve some mysteries over why the coronavirus has more devastating effects on some individuals but not others. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Sat, Sun 10 a.m. 4 p.m. Those two factors make up the eight most common blood types: A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, O-, AB+, and AB-. The latest data on blood type is still preliminary. "There's a fairly decent amount of existing literature beyond SARS-CoV-2" that certain blood types can play a role in disease risk and severity, says Joel Ray, M.D., a clinician scientist and professor at St. Michael's . "All may acquire COVID-19 and all should take the recommended precautions to reduce the risk.". Patient 2 is a 45-year-old man with a 20-year history of PNH. All readers/viewers of this content are advised to consult their doctors or qualified health professionals regarding specific health questions. "We do know that people of all types can get infected with COVID-19," says cardiologist Daniel Anderson, MD, PhD. To test the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on hemolysis, we performed erythrocyte lysis using erythrocytes from a patient with PNH and acidified normal human serum (aNHS) with addition of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit 1 (S1) (see supplemental methods, available on the Blood Web site). In populations at high-risk for exposure, such as healthcare workers, essential workers, and people exposed to a known case of the disease, the O blood type had an even greater protective effect, reducing the risk of acquiring the virus by 19 percent. "We still do not understand all the factors at play," said Anupama Nehra, MD, an assistant professor at the Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and clinical director of hematology-oncology at Rutgers Cancer Institute at University Hospital. We don't know the answer, which is why ongoing research is so important. Secondary outcome results indicated that type O blood group had an aRR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.97) for severe COVID-19 illness and death versus all other blood groups and Rh- status had an aRR of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.680.96) compared to Rh+ status. Patient 1 had a presumptive thrombotic manifestation. However, as the situation surrounding COVID-19 continues to evolve, it's possible that some data have changed since publication. S1 did not increase hemolysis of PNH erythrocytes as compared with aNHS alone (Figure 1). Pain can be managed with acetaminophen, like Tylenol, or ibuprofen, Litwack said. We postulate that strong complement amplification as a byproduct of the inflammatory response is responsible for the clinically observed hemolysis, as has been reported with other vaccines, infections, and surgeries. Chills. The Government guidance says, "Like all vaccines, COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 [Pfizer] can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. What do I need to know about the AstraZeneca vaccine? In patients with severe disease, deposition of terminal complement and microthrombosis have been observed in the lung, skin, kidney, and heart.14 Recently, we demonstrated that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein leads to amplification of the alternative pathway of complement on cell surfaces through competition with complement factor H (CFH) for binding heparan sulfate.5 Thus, in vitro, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can convert an inactivator surface to an activator surface on nucleated cells. The relative protective effects of O, Rh-, and O- blood groups were greatest in patients younger than age 70. Blood types can also serve as receptors for viruses and bacteria, and that could be another factor, explained Dr. Russo, there may be some other, completely different component of type O blood that works to prevent infection. Most side-effects are mild and short-lived, and some groups are more likely to get them than others. The information in this story is accurate as of press time. The latest Omicron COVID-19 vaccine may lead to similar side effects caused by earlier versions, which include injection site pain, fatigue, fever and more. The first study, conducted by Danish researchers, analyzed data from more than 473,000 people tested for COVID-19 with data from a control group of more than 2.2m non-tested people. Based on these observations, we sought to evaluate whether the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein directly leads to increased hemolysis. What are the common side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine? He has written about food and dining for Time, among other publications. Blood type may influence other infections, as well. But again, experts say it's too early to know for sure. - And More, Close more info about Type O and Rh-Negative Blood Type Protective Against COVID-19, Reproductive Organ Infections and Sexually Transmitted Infections, Association between ABO and Rh blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 illness. For the most up-to-date information on COVID-19, please visit online resources provided by the CDC, WHO, and your local public health department. In fact, fewer than 57% of all Americans know their blood type, according to a 2019 survey from Quest Diagnostics. The aRR for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the O blood group was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84-0.92) vs all other blood groups, and the ARD was -3.9 per 1,000 (95% CI, -5.4 to -2.5). Concerns have been raised about a particular situation whereby certain blood clots have occurred together with low levels of platelets tiny cells in the blood that help it to clot. One study of over 3,000 people who got a COVID-19 vaccine did not find any increased side effects or other issues among people with different blood types. And, in fact, these researchers, like the researchers in China and New York City, found a higher risk for severe illness among individuals with Type A blood and a protective effect for Type O. The blood group A was statistically significantly more frequent among those infected with COVID-19 compared to controls (57% vs. 38%, P < 0.001; OR: 2.1). The NEJM study analyzed genetic data from more than 1,600 patients who had been hospitalized with severe cases of COVID-19 in Italy and Spain and compared them with about 2,200 uninfected individuals. Dont miss out on todays top content on Infectious Disease Advisor. Know how to get ready for your COVID-19 vaccines with these quick tips. COVID-19 vaccines can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including: Pain, redness or swelling where the shot was given Fever Fatigue Headache Muscle pain Chills Joint pain Nausea and vomiting Swollen lymph nodes Feeling unwell Most side effects go away in a few days. Always speak with your physician or other healthcare professional before taking any medication or nutritional, herbal, or homeopathic supplement, or using any treatment for a health problem. Two messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines that lead to transient expression of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are highly efficacious in preventing severe infection.6,7 Reactions to these vaccines are generally mild; however, increased complement amplification could theoretically lead to more severe effects in diseases like paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), where blood cells lack complement regulatory proteins.8 Here, we describe significant adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines in 4 patients with PNH. There is a higher risk of myocarditis from COVID itself than there is from . "We do not expect [the public] to experience anything that would be out of the ordinary from our experience with the original vaccination.". These findings, completed in two months under very . As with all vaccines, side effects may occur after getting the COVID-19 vaccine. That is not to say that there have never been safety issues with vaccines. Correspondence: Robert A. Brodsky, Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross Research Bldg, Room 1025, Baltimore, MD 21205; e-mail: brodsro@jhmi.edu. Common COVID-19 vaccine side effects include: Redness or soreness at injection site. Common Side Effects of COVID Vaccines After getting vaccinated for COVID-19, you might experience some temporary symptoms similar to those you might notice when you get a flu shot, such as a sore, swollen arm where you got the shot. Some previously young, healthy people who have developed COVID-19 have suffered strokes, possibly due . Is the COVID-19 thrombotic catastrophe complement-connected? Both federal health officials and leading virologists polled by Good Housekeeping for this article suggest that you should expect similar side effects this time around if you experienced them after earlier vaccinations. On the evening after his first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, he experienced fever, headache, myalgia, and severe fatigue, which lasted 6 days. Furthermore, S1 does not appear to bind erythrocytes (data not shown). This is why learning from Body Ecology, from doctors, and from other practitioners in our space is important. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Recent data suggest the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds heparan sulfate on nucleated cells9 and amplifies the alternative pathway of complement through interference with the binding of CFH, an alternative pathway inhibitor.5 However, CFH primarily binds sialic acid on human erythrocytes,10 and mature erythrocytes express little heparan sulfate.11. Side effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination Very common side effects in the first day or two include: having a painful, heavy feeling and tenderness in the arm where you had your injection feeling tired headache, aches and chills diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting mild flu-like symptoms Others have side effects that affect their ability to do daily activities. Still, a link between blood type and severity of diseases is not unheard of.. As more information about the coronavirus pandemic develops, some of the information in this story may have changed since it was last updated. According to the AstraZeneca product monograph, more than one in 10 people will experience some of these very common side-effects: Pain or itching at the injection site. Water (H2O) serves as a positive control. Is It Dandruff or Dry Scalp? Do not use the information on this website for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, or prescribing medication or other treatment. designed research, analyzed data, and wrote the manuscript; and all authors reviewed the manuscript and approved the final version. Some people experience a little discomfort and can continue to go about their day. Women and younger adults tend to have more side effects than men or older adults do. Earlier this month the MHRA said that while not yet proved, there was growing evidence to suggest this syndrome could be caused by the AstraZeneca jab, while the European Medicines Agency said there was a possible link and noted the syndrome should be listed as a very rare side-effect of the vaccine. "Masks are important because they filter out some of the virus and decreases the viral load, which makes the infection less severe," says Dr. Anderson. Symptoms of long COVID. "I expect the COVID-19 booster shot to become an annual recommendation with small changes needed each year to keep up with, and protect against, new variants that arise," she explains. In patients with PNH on complement inhibition, strong complement-amplifying conditions such as infection, surgery, or pregnancy may trigger pharmacodynamic breakthrough (as previously defined by Risitano et al).12 Complement-amplifying conditions lead to C3b accumulation on the cell surface; at high densities of C3b, C5 can assume a conformational change, disrupting the ability of eculizumab to inhibit terminal complement.13,14 Hemolysis following COVID-19 vaccination, which occurred in 3 patients on ravulizumab, suggests pharmacodynamic breakthrough. Jason DelCollo, DO, is a board-certified medicine physician and associate faculty member at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. Black colleagues share their reasons for getting the COVID-19 vaccines, 7 steps to prepare for your COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19 and Its Cardiovascular Impact Rapid Response Grant. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, contact your healthcare provider promptly. The AstraZeneca and J&J jabs are based on a similar technology. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Individuals with Type A blood type also represented a higher percentage of patients who succumbed to the illness 41 percent versus 25 percent for Type O. That evidence best comes from looking at the responses from older people and younger people because the evidence is that the vaccines are very effective right across the age range, but the side-effect profile is weighted towards younger people., How UK doctor linked rare blood-clotting to AstraZeneca Covid jab, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. .css-lwn4i5{display:block;font-family:Neutra,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;letter-spacing:-0.01rem;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-lwn4i5:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-lwn4i5{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.1;}}Steam Room vs. Sauna: Which Is Better for You? Similarly, type B individuals only have anti-A antibodies. Furthermore, among ongoing clinical trials of immunotherapy using convalescent plasma or of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the interaction between participant blood groups and therapeutic efficacy could be measured.. Comparatively, the highest unadjusted probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection was in the B+ blood group (4.2%; 95% CI, 4.0-4.5%). So far, most of the cases reported have occurred in women under 60 years of age within two weeks of vaccination. Fatigue, headaches, muscle and joint aches and fever are all potential side effects as well. Americans are learning more about the new set of bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccines made by teams at Pfizer and Moderna after officials at the .css-1me6ynq{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#125C68;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#125C68;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-1me6ynq:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:#595959;}Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized its rollout earlier this month. This content is for informational and educational purposes only. Post-vaccine symptoms are typically mild and resolve quickly without the need to use any medication. Common side effects included: tenderness at the injection site for 73% of participants. You could . After adjusting for confounding factors, such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, BMI, and high-risk co-morbidity or being immunocompromised, those with blood type O were, on average, 14-percent less likely to acquire a COVID-19 infection and 19-percent less likely to be hospitalized for the infection. Information and statements regarding dietary supplements/products have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. With more research, we may one day have a clearer understanding of the connection between COVID-19 and different blood types. What should you have on hand at home? Diet is also key, and as you are probably well aware of by now if youve been following me a healthy microbiome is a must. Fever or chills. Following his second dose, he noted fevers, diarrhea, vomiting, severe fatigue, and dark urine. Following incubation at 37C for 1 hour, absorbance at 405 nm was measured in the cell-free supernatants. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants R01 HL 133113 (R.A.B.) Dr. Gundry and her team continue to investigate how heart injuries caused by COVID-19 developand the impact of red blood cells on the infection. Patients with type O and rhesus negative (Rh-) blood groups may have a lower risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness, according to a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine.