The governments failure to enforce labor laws left workers with little recourse for violations of freedom of association, poor working conditions, and other labor provisions in states that had not yet implemented the new labor justice model. The presidential cabinet had 19 secretariats, and as of August women headed seven. Organized criminal groups dominated migrant smuggling operations and often kidnapped, threatened, and extorted migrants to pay a fee for facilitating northbound travel. A 2019 constitutional amendment grants the president the authority to use the armed forces to protect internal and national security through 2024. 10/22/21- (written by rramos)- Justice in Mexico has released the third edition of Organized Crime and Violence in Mexico, coordinated by Laura Y. Caldern, Kimberly Heinle, Rita E. Kuckertz, Octavio Rodrguez Ferreira, and David A. Shirk.Previously titled Drug Violence in Mexico, the release marks the third consecutive year in which the report has been issued under its current name, in . Last Update: Reissued with updates to health information. There were numerous instances of criminal armed groups extorting, threatening, or kidnapping asylum seekers and other migrants. Indeed, the Yucatan is one of the only states in Mexico with no transnational criminal organization or terrorist group. The 45,000-person Jewish community experienced low levels of anti-Semitism. In many parts of the country, human smuggling organizations wielded significant power, and media alleged frequent collusion among local authorities. A Mexico City municipal law provides increased penalties for hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. The government continued its efforts to strengthen freedom of association protections, promote union democracy, and improve the ability of workers to bargain collectively. The Jalisco government disarmed the municipal police force of Ixtlahuacan and turned over public security duties to the National Guard and the Jalisco Secretariat for Public Security. Ecuador 2019 Crime & Safety Report: Guayaquil The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report's publication assesses Ecuador at Level 1, indicating travelers should exercise normal precautions. As of August 16, the suspects remained in detention awaiting trial. In 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office opened a corruption investigation against Lozoya for receiving up to $10 million in bribes from the Brazilian construction firm Odebrecht. September had the highest incident rate, with an average of 84 women killed in each month. The army and the navy have human rights units to create protocols and training. Abuses of persons with disabilities included the use of physical and chemical restraints; physical and sexual abuse; human trafficking, including forced labor; disappearance; and the illegal adoption of institutionalized children. Your well-being is our first priority. After accumulating nine hours of overtime in a week, a worker earns triple the hourly wage. From 1979 to 2020 only eight women had become governors. As a result other unions, including a new union formed by workers after the vote, gained the right to seek representation rights and negotiate a new agreement. Workers argued that the protectionist union holding the collective bargaining agreement pressured workers to legitimize the agreement, offered bribes, and tampered with ballots. As of July the CNB reported that there were 89,572 missing or disappeared persons in the country. Abuses occurred in institutions and care facilities housing persons with mental disabilities, including those for children. As of August, 25 of 32 states had specialized prosecutors offices for investigating torture, or specialized investigative units within the state attorney generals office as called for by law. Conditions in prisons and detention centers were often harsh and life threatening. He was a member of a search collective and the state search commission. U.S. Department of State - United States Department of State The NGO Mexican Commission for the Defense and Promotion of Human Rights identified 15 incidents between January and July of mass forced internal displacement (defined as the displacement of at least 10 families or 50 individuals) due to violence. The law allows for the reinstatement of workers if the CAB finds the employer fired the worker without just cause and the worker requests reinstatement; however, the law also exempts broad categories of employees from this protection, including so-called employees of confidence and workers in the job for less than one year. The Interior Secretariat reaffirmed its commitment to protect refugee applicants even as the country experienced an unprecedented number of applicants. Any work in excess of eight hours in a day is considered overtime, for which a worker is to receive double pay. Sanchez was a reporter for Facebook-based Panorama Pacifico and was in the protection mechanism after suffering an attempt on his life in July 2020. INEGI found that 53 percent of women of reproductive age used modern contraception in 2018 (the most recent study). As of August 18, authorities had not confirmed whether the threatening video was genuine. There is no single independent oversight mechanism to review police actions, but many federal and state security and justice sector institutions have internal affairs units providing internal supervision and promoting best practices for transparency and accountability. Ramos had been searching for her missing husband for the previous seven months as a member of two search collectives. a > September,. As of September authorities made no arrests regarding the 2020 killing of prominent indigenous and environmental rights defender Homero Gomez. There were reports of journalists practicing self-censorship due to threats from criminal groups and government officials. The government continued implementing the labor reforms in a phased manner, with the reform coming online in eight states in November 2020, and phase two started on November 3 with 13 states, and phase three to be concluded on May 1, 2022, for the remaining states. 0 . Sources indicate that organized criminal organizations have been . Legally mandated joint management and labor committees set standards and are responsible for overseeing workplace standards in plants and offices. It is also a criminal offense in all states. In June another priest died in a cartel crossfire on the Durango-Zacatecas border. Federal and state databases were incomplete and had data-crossing problems; forensic systems were highly fragmented between the local, state, and federal levels; and the sheer volume of unsolved cases was far greater than the forensic systems were capable of handling. The Federal Center, however, estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of those collective bargaining agreements would undergo a legitimization vote because the worksite where the agreement was valid had closed, the work for which the agreement was negotiated had concluded, or the contract was a protection contract held by a nonrepresentative union. The law mandates the creation of a public registry of companies supplying specialized services to verify only registered companies fulfilling tax and administrative requirements may supply those services. sector overseas and produce reports, briefings, and . The list named at least 50 persons linked to President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, politicians from every party, as well as journalists, lawyers, activists, prosecutors, diplomats, judges, and academics. The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State. Between January and April the Office of the Special Prosecutor for Electoral Crimes in the Attorney Generals Office initiated 14 investigations related to gender-based political violence against women. Here then is a recap of key crime and anti-crime events and developments in Mexico in 2020, and of the bleak prospects for 2021. Spousal rape is criminalized in 26 of the 32 states. The state search commission paused all search efforts between May and June due to increased levels of insecurity for family search collectives, according to civil society groups. Communities and NGOs representing indigenous groups criticized the government for failing to consult indigenous communities adequately when making decisions regarding extractive industry and natural resource development projects on indigenous lands. The COVID-19 pandemic generated additional risks and exacerbated vulnerabilities for IDPs, including overcrowding in shelters and difficulty accessing food, basic health care, and education. The government worked with UNHCR to improve access to refugee status and the procedure to determine refugee status, reception conditions for vulnerable migrants and refugee applicants, and integration in local communities (including access to school, work, and other social services) for those approved for refugee and complementary protection status. The CNB reported that during that period, of the 3,025 bodies exhumed, authorities identified 1,153 and returned 822 to their families. Global AIDS Coordinator and Global Health Diplomacy, Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, Special Representative for Syria Engagement, U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, Office of the U.S. The government had minimal presence in the ownership of news media but remained a significant source of advertising revenue for many media organizations, which at times influenced coverage. They often experienced racism and discrimination and were frequently victims of violence. According to the NGO, institutional staff in Baja California reported that four children with disabilities died within days of each other with no known investigations. As of December 2020 the Prosecutor Generals Office was investigating 3,703 torture-related inquiries under the previous inquisitorial legal system (initiated prior to the 2016 transition to an accusatorial system) and 565 investigations under the accusatorial system. News reports indicated poor working conditions in some factories. In July the secretary of the navy publicly apologized to families of the victims, marking the first time the armed forces apologized for committing forced disappearances. Mexican crime data is available from police investigations (SESNSP) and also, in the case of homicides, from death certificates (INEGI). This guide covers all you need to know about the safety and security considerations for a trip to Mexico including Covid and pandemic related concerns, road safety, crime and more. This practice violated federal law and restricted workers rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining. In 2016 all civilian and military courts officially transitioned from an inquisitorial legal system based primarily upon judicial review of written documents to an accusatorial trial system reliant upon oral testimony presented in open court. A 2019 CNDH poll found six of every 10 members of the LGBTQI+ community reported experiencing discrimination in the past 12 months, and more than half suffered hate speech and physical aggression. With a judges consent, children may marry at younger ages. Nonetheless, NGOs and media reported on sexual exploitation of minors, as well as child sex tourism in resort towns and northern border areas. The government investigated and prosecuted some of these crimes, but the vast majority remained uninvestigated and unprosecuted. The previous platform lacked interconnectivity between states and failed to connect family members effectively to the remains of their missing relatives. The government deployed hundreds of security forces to contain the caravan. State and municipal laws addressing domestic violence largely failed to meet the required federal standards and often were unenforced. All OSAC products and services are always completely free of charge. Across the criminal justice system, many actors lacked the necessary training and capacity to carry out their duties fairly and consistently in line with the principle of equal justice. In January 2020 the government raised the minimum wage. Hundreds of thousands of workers continued to work in foreign-owned factories, mainly in northern border states, producing electronics, medical equipment, and auto parts. Civil society groups reported families living in inhuman conditions, with inadequate and cramped housing, no access to clean water or bathrooms, insufficient food, and without medical care. Some prisons were undersubscribed, while others were overcrowded. OSAC is a partnership between the U.S. Department of State and private-sector security community. Any corporate, non-profit, academic, faith-based or other U.S.-incorporated organization of any size with operations outside the United States may apply to join. In July 2020 authorities extradited Lozoya, former director of PEMEX, the state-owned petroleum company, from Spain. In March the government amended federal labor law to define the minimum wage as the lowest cash amount a worker receives for services rendered during a workday and stipulated it should never be below the inflation rate. As published in The Yucatan Times, OSAC . Respect for the Integrity of the Person, a. In August 2020 attackers fired multiple shots at the building housing the printing facilities of El Diario de Iguala. Physical Conditions: According to the Federal Prison System, as of June there were 220,393 inmates in 288 state and federal facilities with a designed capacity for 217,064. The CNDH reported indigenous women were among the most vulnerable groups in society. Pretrial Detention: Lengthy pretrial detention was a problem, and authorities did not always promptly release those detained unlawfully. In June a federal judge sentenced Juan Francisco Picos Barrueto to 32 years in prison for the 2017 murder of journalist Javier Valdez Cardenas. On August 3, Ravelo died from his injuries. As of October the accused were in a military prison awaiting trial. The law requires the Secretariat of Health to promote the creation of long-term institutions for persons with disabilities in distress, and the Secretariat of Social Development must establish specialized institutions to care for, protect, and house poor, neglected, or marginalized persons with disabilities. In June President Lopez Obrador announced that forensic scientists at the University of Innsbruck conclusively identified the remains of Jhosivani Guerrero, marking the third body identified of the 43 disappeared students. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) 2016 survey, 18 percent of women ages 15 and older reported having experienced physical violence at the hands of their current or most recent partner, and 6.5 percent reported having experienced sexual violence. As in 2020, NGOs in Campeche and Yucatan submitted multiple civil injunctions against the project citing a lack of transparency regarding environmental impact assessments and adverse effects on indigenous cultural heritage. Posted at 01:41h . The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State. Police occasionally failed to provide impoverished detainees access to counsel during arrests and investigations as provided for by law, although the right to public defense during trial was generally respected. Relatives of victims wait in anguish for news after a shooting July 1 at a drug rehabilitation center . with disabilities attended school at a lower rate than those without disabilities. During the first six months of 2021 the INEGI reported a total 16,972 (provisional) and the SESNSP reported 16,950 murders. He fled to Israel, and the government requested that the Israeli government issue an arrest warrant and extradite him. osac mexico 2020 crime and safety report. famous las vegas male singers. The law also provides for the rights of appeal and of bail in most categories of crimes. The Prosecutor Generals Office owned a previous genetics database, which consisted of 63,000 profiles, and was responsible for the new database. . In June the government amended the General Law on Womens Access to a Life Free of Violence to include media and digital violence as a form of violence against women. The National Guard and state and municipal police are responsible for enforcing the law and maintaining order. This Standards Bulletin from the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) for Forensic Science provides a monthly update on: Standards moving through the OSAC Registry approval processes for published and OSAC Proposed Standards. Federal law sets six eight-hour days and 48 hours per week as the legal workweek. Tweets disseminated their identities and their media outlets and also made veiled threats. All states prohibit marriage of persons younger than age 18. Federal law prohibits arbitrary arrest and detention and provides for the right of any person to challenge the lawfulness of his or her arrest or detention in court; however, the government sometimes failed to observe these requirements. In October and November, I spent several . Sexual Harassment: Federal law prohibits sexual harassment and provides for fines from 250 to 5,000 times the minimum daily wage, but the law was not effectively enforced. OSAC 2021-N-0016, Standard for Initial Response at Scenes by Law Enforcement (added September 7, 2021 and sent to ASB for further development and publication). The rate of aggression against political figures during the election cycle was on par with the 2018 election, one of the most violent political periods in recent history. Abuses of time limits on pretrial detention were endemic in state judicial systems. The law criminalizes sharing, distributing, and publishing intimate sexual content (including photographs, audio, and videos) featuring individuals who have not explicitly given their consent, with penalties of up to six years in prison. This limited medias ability to investigate and report, since many of the reporters who were killed covered crime, corruption, and local politics. Nonetheless, discrimination was common against racial and ethnic minorities, including Black, Afro-Mexican, and indigenous groups. Country Summary: Violent crime - such as homicide, kidnapping, carjacking, and robbery - is widespread and common in Mexico. Nongovernmental Impact: Organized criminal groups exercised a grave influence over media outlets and reporters, threatening individuals who published critical views of crime groups. The report singled out Hidalgo, Nayarit, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tamaulipas as the states with the worst prison conditions. For example, journalists in Nogales, Sonora, said they were aware of unspoken red lines in covering organized crime and that crossing lines, such as mentioning the name of an alleged assailant, could result in personal harm. In June the Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision confirming that the exercise of the right to strike suspends the processing of collective conflicts of an economic nature that may be pending before the court and the topics that they present, unless the workers express in writing their agreement to submit the conflict to the decision of the court. The law mandates that all discrimination cases, including sexual harassment, bypass formerly mandatory conciliation and proceed directly to the labor courts. The law provides for the freedoms of peaceful assembly and association, and the government generally respected these rights, with some exceptions. Organized criminal elements, including local and transnational gangs, and narcotics traffickers, were significant perpetrators of violent crimes and committed acts of homicide, torture, kidnapping, extortion, human trafficking, bribery, intimidation, and other threats, resulting in high levels of violence and exploitation, particularly targeting vulnerable groups. In July the Sonora State Prosecutor Generals Office detained Rojos alleged killer. Penalties for law violations regarding hours and minimum wage were commensurate with those for other similar laws but were rarely enforced. Some NGOs alleged individuals who organized campaigns to discredit human rights defenders at times acted with tacit support from government officials. Federal authorities supported access to contraceptive methods, but states efforts varied widely. Public buildings and facilities often did not comply with the law requiring access for persons with disabilities. Factors associated with maternal deaths included parents with lower levels of education, poor hospital infrastructure and human capacity, and lack of access to maternity care, especially for pregnant women living in rural areas. Since 2019 more than 60 women accused Roemer of sexual abuse, assault, and rape. Local commentators pointed to the electoral authorities quick and transparent publishing of results as increasing citizen trust in the electoral and democratic system. Most indigenous persons lived in marginalized communities, and the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionally affected these communities, according to the OHCHR. The minimum age for hazardous work is 18, including all work in the agricultural sector. According to the NGO Freedom House, Researchers continued to document cases of journalists, human rights lawyers, activists, and political figures targeted with Pegasus spy software. In 2020 the STPS Federal Labor Inspectorate conducted almost 30,000 labor inspections nationwide but reported finding only one case of child labor. Between January and July COMAR processed approximately 25,000 cases. The survey also reported that persons with darker skin completed 6.5 years of schooling, while those with white skin completed 10 years. Arbitrary Arrest: Allegations of arbitrary detentions persisted throughout the year. The education system provided education for students with disabilities nationwide. Discrimination: The law provides women the same legal status and rights as men and equal pay for equal work performed in equal jobs, hours of work, and conditions of efficiency. The law establishes penalties for discrimination based on gender, race, ethnicity, color, religion, language, pregnancy, political belief, or any other nature that violates human dignity. The governments National Council of Norms and Labor Competencies certified law enforcement internal affairs investigators and created standard internal affairs training to promote transparency and accountability. Although the law requires entities recruiting for overseas employment to register with the STPS, there is no enforcement mechanism, and only a handful of recruiters complied. Citizens hoping to obtain temporary, legal employment in the United States and other countries frequently paid recruiters hundreds or thousands of dollars in prohibitive fees to secure jobs, and many prospective workers were promised jobs that did not exist. According to a 2019 National Child Labor Survey, the number of children ages five to 17 in child labor, including in hazardous household work, was 3.3 million, or approximately 11.5 percent of children in the country.
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